Grammar Skills

P. 334-Exercise 39
 Combine the following sentences by first using gerund, than an infinitive, and finally the subject position. The first one is done for you.


1. She takes a math course every semester . This is difficult.

• Taking a math course every semester is very difficult.

• To take a math course every semester is difficult.

• It is difficult to take a math course every semester.

2. During the semester, she goes to class every day. This is a good idea.

          Going to class during the semester is a good idea.

          To go to class during the semester is a good idea.

          It is a good idea to go to class during the semester.

3. She takes notes as the professor does the sample problems on the board. This is useful.

          Taking notes as the professor does the sample problems on the board is useful.

          to take notes as the professor does the sample problems on the board is useful.

          It is useful to take notes as the professor does the sample problems on the board.

4. She does the homework problems regularly. This takes time.

        

          Doing the homework problems regularly takes time.

          To do the homework problems regularly takes time.

          It takes time to do the homework problems regularly.

5. She turns the homework in every day. This gives her a sense of satisfaction.

          Turning the homework in every day gives her a sense of satisfaction.

          To turn in the homework every day gives her a sense of satisfaction.

          It gives her a sense of satisfaction to turn the homework in every day.

6. She gets good grades. This is the best reward.

          Getting grades is the best reward.

          To get good grades is the best reward.

          It is the best reward to get good grades.

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P. 332-333- EXERCISE 38 Combine the two sentences in each item by using the correlative conjunction given.

1. (both...and)

• Physics is classified as a physical science. Chemistry is classified as a physical science.
• Both Physics and chemistry are classified as a physical science.

     2.(neither...nor)

• We can not classify mathematics as a biological science. We can not classify psychology as a physical science.
• We can not classify neither mathematics nor psychology as a physical science.

      3. (not only...but also)

• Botany and zoology are normally considered biological sciences. They are generally requirements for B.S.
• Not only Botany and Zoology are normally considered biological sciences, but also are generally requirements for B.S.

     4. (either...or)

•  All liberal arts major have to take two physical science courses. Instead, all liberal arts majors could take two biological science courses.
• Either all liberal arts major have to take two physical science courses, or two biological science courses.

     5. ( not only...but also)

• In order to graduate, all students in college must take certain required courses. They have to take some electives.
• In order to graduate, Not only all students must take certain required course but also some electives.

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P.312- exercise 25

Answer each of thenfollowing questions with two complete sentences. Write one sentence with in order to + an infinitive an the other with so that. 

1. For what purpose should you think about your intended major?

• You should think about your intended major in order to choose a university that is well- qualified and staffed in your major.
• You should think about your intended major so that you can choose the best university with that major.

2. For what purpose should you visit different universities' Web sites?

• You should visit different universities Web sites in order to find new information about different universities.
• You should visit different universities' Web sites so that you can decide to which university to go to.

3. For what purpose should you think about your financial situation?

• You should think of your financial situation in order to make decisions of buying a new house.
• You should think about your financial situation so that yo can know what to do for buying a new house.

4. For what purpose should you find out about financial aid?

• You should find out about financial aid in order to go looking for help when bankrupt.
• You should find out about financial aid so that when your bankrupt they could help you.

5. For what purpose should you find out about part-time jobs?

• You should find out about part-time jobs in order to have a back-up plan if you lose your job.
• You should find out about part-time jobs so that you can gain extra money.

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P. 229-EXERCISE 2

  1. risk

  2. key

  3. contributing

  4. direct

  5. found

  6. crucial

  7. deciding

  8. establish

  9. possible

10. click

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P. 314-EXERCISE 26

1. Biology systematically classifies living things.

• (Because of)- I like the study of biology because of its systematic classification of living things.
• (so)- I like classifying living things so that is why i like to study Biology.
• (thus)-

2. Biology explains the characteristics of living things.

• (because of)- I like Biology because of its explanation of the characteristics of living things.
• (For)- Biology is used for explaining the characteristics of living things.
• (Therefore)- I would like to know the characteristics of living things; therefore i'm going to study Biology.

3. Biology explains the interdependence of living things.

• (because of)-I like Biology because of its explanations of the interdependence of living things.
• (as a result)- As a result of studying Biology I know the explanation of the interdependence of living things.
• (since)- Since I decided to study Biology now I know the explanation of the interdependence of living things. 

4. Biology encourages curiosity and research.

• (consequently)- Consequently for studying Biology, i'm encouraged of curiosity and do more research.
• (for this reason)- I'm Curious and a researcher, for this reason i chose to study Biology.
• (because)- I'm curious and love research because i study Biology.